The working principle and analysis of the three categories of electromagnetic valves

The electromagnetic valve is an automatic basic component used to control the fluid. It belongs to the actuator. It is a valve that relies on the electromagnetic force generated by the power supply coil to drive the movable iron core to open and close the valve flap. It is an industrial equipment controlled by electromagnetics and used in industrial control systems. Adjust the direction, flow, speed, and other parameters of the media. In principle, it can be divided into three categories (direct motion, distributed direct motion, pilot).

First, the direct-acting solenoid valve:

Principle: When energized, the electromagnetic coil generates electromagnetic force to lift the closing member from the valve seat, and the valve is opened; when the power is off, the electromagnetic force disappears, the spring presses the closing member against the valve seat, and the valve is closed.

Second, the distribution of direct-acting solenoid valve:

Principle: It is a combination of direct motion and pilot type. When there is no pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet, after energization, the electromagnetic force directly lifts the pilot small valve and the main valve closing member upward, and the valve opens. When the inlet and outlet reach the starting pressure difference, after the energization, the electromagnetic force leads the small valve, the pressure of the lower chamber of the main valve rises, and the pressure of the upper chamber drops, so that the main valve is pushed upward by the pressure difference; when the power is off, the pilot valve uses the spring The force or medium pressure pushes the closure and moves down to close the valve.

Third, the pilot solenoid valve:

Principle: When energized, the electromagnetic force opens the pilot hole, the pressure in the upper chamber drops rapidly, and a pressure difference between the lower part and the lower part is formed around the closing member. The fluid pressure pushes the closing member upward to move the valve to open; when the power is off, the spring force leads the pilot. The hole is closed, and the inlet pressure passes through the bypass hole. The rapid chamber forms a lower high and high pressure difference around the valve closing member, and the fluid pressure pushes the closing member downward to close the valve.