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Classification of austenitic stainless steel and stainless steel
Stainless steel is usually divided into matrix
1, ferritic stainless steel. Chromium 12% to 30%. Its corrosion resistance, toughness and weldability increase with the increase of chromium content, and its resistance to chloride stress corrosion is superior to other types of stainless steel.
2, austenitic stainless steel. Chromium is more than 18%, and it also contains about 8% nickel and a small amount of molybdenum, titanium, and nitrogen. Good overall performance, resistant to many media corrosion.
3. Austenite-ferrite dual phase. . stainless steel. It combines the advantages of austenitic and ferritic stainless steels and has superplasticity.
4, martensitic stainless steel. High strength but poor plasticity and weldability
Austenitic stainless steel
Carbon dissolves in the solid solution formed in the iron of the face-centered cubic structure (iron crystals, iron atoms are distributed at the center of the eight apices of the cube and six faces, iron atoms in the iron crystals of the stainless steel are replaced by some other metal atoms) Body called austenite. The austenite has a carbon content of up to 2%, soft and tough, and plastic. Austenite stainless steel refers to stainless steel that has austenite structure at room temperature. When the steel contains about 18% of Cr, 8% to 10% of Ni, and about 0.1% of C, it has a stable austenite structure. Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels include the famous 18Cr-8Ni steels and high Cr-Ni series steels based on which Cr and Ni contents are increased and Mo, Cu, Si, Nb, Ti and other elements are added. Austenitic stainless steels are non-magnetic and have high toughness and plasticity, but they have low strength and cannot be strengthened by phase transformation. They can only be strengthened by cold working. Such as adding S, Ca, Se, Te and other elements, it has good free-cutting properties. In addition to corrosion of such oxidation-resistant acid media, such steels may contain elements such as Mo and Cu that are resistant to corrosion by sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and formic acid, acetic acid, and urea. If the carbon content of such steel is less than 0.03% or contains Ti, Ni, it can significantly improve its resistance to intergranular corrosion. High-silicon austenitic stainless steel concentrated nitric acid may have good corrosion resistance. Because austenitic stainless steel has comprehensive and good comprehensive performance, it has been widely used in various industries.
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